Journal of Forest Science, 2011 (vol. 57), issue 6
Transformation of solar radiation in Norway spruce standsinto produced biomass - the effect of stand density
I. Marková, R. Pokorný, M. V. Marek
J. For. Sci., 2011, 57(6):233-241 | DOI: 10.17221/46/2010-JFS 
The present paper is focused on an assessment of the effects of stand density and leaf area development on radiation use efficiency in the mountain cultivated Norway spruce stand. The young even-aged (17-years-old in 1998) plantation of Norway spruce was divided into two experimental plots differing in their stand density in 1995. During the late spring of 2001 next cultivating high-type of thinning of 15% intensity in a reduction of stocking density was performed. The PAR regime of investigated stands was continually measured since 1992. Total aboveground biomass (TBa) and TBa increment (ΔTBa) were obtained on the basis of stand inventory. The...
Geographical variability of sprucebark beetle development under climate change in the Czech Republic
T. Hlásny, L. Zajíčková, M. Turčáni, J. Holuša, Z. Sitková
J. For. Sci., 2011, 57(6):242-249 | DOI: 10.17221/104/2010-JFS
Climate change is expected to influence the distribution and population dynamics of many insect pests, with potential severe impacts on forests. Spruce bark beetle Ips typographus (L.) (Col.: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is the most important forest insect pest in Europe whose development is strictly regulated by air temperature. Therefore, climate change is anticipated to induce changes in the pest's distribution and development. We used the PHENIPS model to evaluate climate change impacts on the distribution and voltinism of spruce bark beetle in the Czech Republic. Two future time periods - 2025-2050 (near future) and 2075-2100 (distant future)...
Earthworm (Lumbricidae) assemblages of forest ecosystems in the anthropogenically
P. Švarc, E. Kula
J. For. Sci., 2011, 57(6):250-258 | DOI: 10.17221/16/2010-JFS
Assemblages of earthworms were evaluated in spruce and beech stands in the Kienhaida Nature Reserve (Krušné hory Mts., Czech Republic) and its immediate surroundings, where site conditions were modified by the soil preparation for forest regeneration. The beech stands of the reserve showed low diversity but higher earthworm abundance than did the spruce stands, which in turn showed the lowest Lumbricidae abundance (18 individuals.m-2). The highest abundance of earthworms (124 individuals.m-2) was found in the soil of mounds created 30 years prior to sampling from the organic soil of the Ah horizon. The highest species...
Long-term silvicultural experiment with transformation of the mixed stand structure
L. Šimerda, J. Souček
J. For. Sci., 2011, 57(6):259-265 | DOI: 10.17221/2/2011-JFS
The paper summarizes the main characteristics of a mixed stand during 80-year transformation to the mixed stand with permanent selective structure. The initial main stand was mostly composed of conifers with group arrangement, broadleaves as the reserved trees created the upper storey. Partial opening by thinnings prepared the stand for regeneration. Heavy thinning in 1959 (22% of the growing stock) opened the main stand and released the advance growth of broadleaves. Subsequent stand development was negatively affected by air pollution. Mainly fir and spruce responded to air pollution by deteriorated health condition and increment reduction. Beech...
Forest visitors' opinions on the importance of forest operations, forest functions and sourcesof their financing
L. Šišák
J. For. Sci., 2011, 57(6):266-270 | DOI: 10.17221/135/2010-JFS
The survey was conducted in three selected areas of the Czech Republic in 2008, with the results processed in 2009. Forests visitors received inquiry forms (face to face interviews, random sample). The total number of visitors on 8 survey days was 7,369. The total number of filled-in questionnaires in the three areas was 1,122. Tree planting and tree protection are considered as the most important forest operations, followed by road and stream bank maintenance. On the contrary, timber transport and harvesting are considered as the least important activities. The nature-protecting function is considered as the most important forest function, followed...
Harvest scheduling with spatial aggregation for two and three strip cut system under shelterwood management
M. Konoshima, R. Marušák, A. Yoshimoto
J. For. Sci., 2011, 57(6):271-277 | DOI: 10.17221/48/2010-JFS
We propose a spatial aggregation method to solve an optimal harvest scheduling problem for strip shelterwood management. Strip shelterwood management involves either a two-cut system with a preparatory-removal cut cycle, or a three-cut system with a preparatory-establishment-removal cut cycle. In this study we consider these connected sequential cuts as one decision variable, then employ conventional adjacency constraints to seek the best combination of sequential cuts over space and time. Conventional adjacency constraints exclude any spatially-overlapped strips in the decision variables. Our results show the proposed approach can be used to analyze...