Journal of Forest Science, 2007 (vol. 53), issue 6
Variability in swelling of spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) wood with the presence of compression wood
V. Gryc, H. Vavrčík, P. Horáček
J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(6):243-252 | DOI: 10.17221/2019-JFS 
Wood is a hygroscopic material that is affected by shape changes. The aim of this study was to analyse the variability of wood swelling in the individual anatomic directions. Wood swelling was examined on a sample tree containing compression wood. With regard to the presence of compression wood, the sample tree was divided into the following three zones: the compression wood zone (CW), the opposite wood zone (OW), and two side wood zones (SWL and SWR). The results show that the wood containing compression wood swells less at the transverse plane (in the radial and tangential direction). Conversely, the swelling of compression wood in the longitudinal...
The Pinus mugo complex - its structuring and general overview of the used nomenclature
J. Hamerník, I. Musil
J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(6):253-266 | DOI: 10.17221/2020-JFS
The Pinus mugo complex (P. mugo Turra sensu lato, and/or species aggregate or group - P. mugo agg., including its internal as well as external aggregate hybrids) is an important fragment of European dendroflora. For its high variability this complicated group has not been solved in taxonomical terms satisfactorily yet. Most problems are mainly caused by a large amount of taxa of uncertain value described in the past, which often more or less overlap or are based on insufficiently researched and unsuitably interpreted characters. Such facts coincidently cause further problems in applied disciplines. Specialized European literature...
Derivation of target structure for forests of Norway spruce vegetation zone in Slovakia
M. Moravčík
J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(6):267-277 | DOI: 10.17221/2018-JFS
Forests of the Norway spruce altitudinal vegetation zone occur on the upper limit of tree vegetation and they fulfil important ecological and social functions. A great part of these forests are man-made ones with changed age and spatial structure. The basic objective of the care of these forests is improvement or regeneration of their structure so that it will approach the structure of natural and primeval forests. Maximum fulfilment of their basic functions should be ensured in this way. Therefore following the analysis of our own empirical material the target structure of these forests was derived. Outlook target structure was derived so that it...
Processes of loss, recruitment, and increment in stands of a primeval character in selected areas of the Pieniny National Park (southern Poland)
A. Jaworski, R. Podlaski
J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(6):278-289 | DOI: 10.17221/2017-JFS
Studies were carried out during 1987–1997 in four stands situated in the lower mountain zone, and representing the association Carici-Fagetum abietetosum (sample plots Facimiech and Walusiówka) and the community of a transitory character between Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum and Carici-Fagetum (sample plots Gródek and Przelecz Sosnów). The greatest volume increment was found in a pure fir (Abies alba) stand of Facimiech (9.4 m3/ha/year, i.e. 1.4% of actual stand volume determined in 1997) being in the optimum stage, phase of aging and regeneration, and the smallest one stand of Gródek (5.3 m3/ha/year,...
Multifunctional forestry practices as a land use strategy to meet increasing private and public demands in modern societies
F. Schmithüsen
J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(6):290-298 | DOI: 10.17221/2016-JFS
The present distribution of forests and the degree of their transformation by man are the results of natural factors and cultural development. The limit between forested areas and open spaces, as well as differences between intensively used forests and those showing small or no traces of human intervention, is determined by social needs and values, economic opportunities, and political regulations. Forests are currently perceived by the population as physical and social spaces profoundly influenced by timber use and forest management. Their social and political significance is in full evolution. The multiple demands on forests in a rapidly evolving...