J. For. Sci., 2020, 66(2):80-87 | DOI: 10.17221/64/2019-JFS

Effect of different pre-treatments on seed germination of Prosopis juliflora and Dalbergia sissoo: a step towards mutation breedingOriginal Paper

Muhammad Javed Asif^*,1,2, Atif Ali¹, Muhammad Zaid Mazhar¹, Ayyoub Tanvir¹, Bilal Zia³, Iqra Anmbreen¹, Muhammad Zohaib Anjum¹, Muhammad Shabir Mahr¹

¹ Department of Forestry and Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

² Center for Advanced Studies in Agriculture and Food Security, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

³ Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

For improving the seed germination of Prosopis juliflora and Dalbergia sissoo different treatments were tested, including side cutting, abrasion, overnight soaking in boiling water, scalding in actively boiling water for 1 minute and immersion in 30%, 60% and 95% H₂SO₄ solution. Results showed that abrasion with sandpaper and side cutting were the most effective methods to break seed dormancy in both species, while scalding in actively boiling water for 1 minute, overnight soaking and different concentrations of H₂SO₄ gave low to zero seed germination. Based on the positive effects of scarification it was concluded that seed dormancy in both species was due to water impermeability of the seed coat. Mutation breeding involves the treatment of large quantities of seeds, therefore abrasion with sandpaper was the most efficient and less labour-intensive method; this method was subsequently used for determination of LD₅₀ as it is a prerequisite in a mutation breeding program. Abrasion before irradiation had a positive effect on P. juliflora whereas it had a negative effect on D. sissoo seeds. Seeds of both species were exposed to different doses of gamma rays such as 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy using a ⁶⁰Co source. The LD₅₀ for P. juliflora was 651 Gy based on the rate of seed germination indicating that P. juliflora had tolerance to irradiation and low radiosensitivity to gamma ray. A high LD₅₀ of 1097 Gy was observed for D. sissoo, suggesting high tolerance to irradiation and very low radio sensitivity. These findings will help to initiate a mutation breeding program in both species to obtain desirable mutants with desirable characteristics such as thornless genotypes, better tree form, disease resistance and increased genetic diversity.

Keywords: seed dormancy; gamma rays; genetic diversity; phenotypic variation

Published: February 29, 2020  Show citation