J. For. Sci., 2017, 63(11):519-529 | DOI: 10.17221/32/2017-JFS

Dynamic growth models for continuous cover multi-species forestry in Iranian Caspian forestsOriginal Paper

Soleiman MOHAMMADI LIMAEI*,1, Peter LOHMANDER2, Leif OLSSON3
1 Department of Forestry, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, Sowmeh Sara, Iran
2 Optimal Solutions, Umeå, Sweden
3 Department of Information Systems and Technology, Faculty of Science, Technology and Media, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden

This study concerns some of the relevant topics of the Iranian Caspian forestry planning problem, in particular the first central components in this modelling process, such as forest modelling, forest statistics and growth function estimations. The required data was collected from Iranian Caspian forests. To do so, 201 sample plots were determined and the parameters such as number of trees, tree diameter at breast height and tree height were measured at each sample plot. Three sample plots at different 3 elevations were chosen to measure the tree increment. Data has been used to estimate a modified logistic growth model and a model that describes the growth of the basal area of individual trees as a function of basal area. General function analysis has been applied in combination with regression analysis. The results are interpreted from ecological perspectives. Furthermore, a dynamic multi-species growth model theory is developed and analysed with respect to dynamic behaviour, equilibria, convergence and stability. Logistic growth models have been found applicable for continuous cover forest management optimization. Optimization of management decisions in a changing and not perfectly predictable world should always be based on adaptive optimization.

Keywords: forest statistics; forest modelling; growth function; forest management

Published: November 30, 2017  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
MOHAMMADI LIMAEI S, LOHMANDER P, OLSSON L. Dynamic growth models for continuous cover multi-species forestry in Iranian Caspian forests. J. For. Sci. 2017;63(11):519-529. doi: 10.17221/32/2017-JFS.
Download citation

References

  1. Bailey R.L., Clutter J.L. (1974): Base-age invariant polymorphic site curves. Forest Science, 20: 155-159.
  2. Bonyad A.E. (2005): Measurement and Statically Analysis of Forest Growth at Three Altitude Classes in Shafaroud Forests. Report of Research Plan (Working Paper). Rasht, University of Guilan: 65.
  3. Burkhart H.E., Brooks T.M. (1990): Status and future of growth and yield models. In: State-of the-Art Methodology of Forest Inventory: A Symposium Proceedings, New York, July 30-Aug 5, 1989: 409-414.
  4. Florida Forest Stewardship (2014): Uneven-aged management - a "natural" approach to timber. Available at http://www.sfrc.ufl.edu
  5. Haight R.G. (1987): Evaluating the efficiency of even-aged and uneven-aged stand management. Forest Science, 33: 116-134. Go to original source...
  6. Hatami N., Lohmander P., Moayeri M.H, Mohammadi Limaei S. (2017): A basal area increment model for individual trees in mixed continuous cover forests in Iranian Caspian forests. In: Rostami Shahraji T. (ed.): National Conference on the Caspian Forests of Iran "Past, Current, Future", Rasht, Apr 26-27, 2017: 1-5. Go to original source...
  7. Heshmatol Vaezin S.M., Attarod P., Bayramzadeh V. (2008): Tree volume increment models of broadleaf species in the uneven-aged mixed Caspian forests. Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 7: 700-709. Go to original source...
  8. Kennan G., Parkinson D., Jang B. (2014): Paper trail: The decline of Canada's forestry industry. Available at https://beta.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/economy/paper-trail-the-fall-of-forestry/article21967746/?ref=http://www.theglobeandmail.com& (accessed Dec 5, 2014).
  9. Lohmander P. (2000): Optimal sequential forestry decisions under risk. Annals of Operations Research, 95: 217-228. Go to original source...
  10. Lohmander P. (2007): Adaptive optimization of forest management in a stochastic world. In: Weintraub A., Romero C., Bjørndal T., Epstein R., Miranda J. (eds): Handbook of Operations Research in Natural Resources. New York, Springer-Verlag: 525-543. Go to original source...
  11. Lohmander P., Mohammadi Limaei S. (2008): Optimal continuous cover forest management in an uneven-aged forest in the north of Iran. Journal of Applied Sciences, 8: 1995-2007. Go to original source...
  12. Lohmander P., Mohammadi Limaei S., Olsson L., Mohammadi Z. (2016): Optimal forest management based on growth data from the Iranian Caspian forests. In: Maleki H. (ed.): 9th International Conference of Iranian Operations Research Society, Shiraz, Apr 28-30, 2016: 1047-1052.
  13. Lhotka J.M., Loewenstein E.F. (2011): An individual-tree diameter growth model for managed uneven-aged oakshortleaf pine stands in the Ozark Highlands of Missouri, USA. Forest Ecology and Management, 261: 770-778. Go to original source...
  14. Mohammadi Limaei S. (2010): Mixed strategy game theory, application in forest industry. Forest Policy and Economics, 12: 527-531. Go to original source...
  15. Nguyen T.T. (2009): Modelling Growth and Yield of Dipterocarp Forests in Central Highlands of Vietnam. Munich, Technical University of Munich: 167.
  16. Pacala S.W., Canham C.D., Saponara J., Silander J.A. Jr., Kone R.K., Ribbens E. (1996): Forest models defined by field measurements: Estimation, error analysis and dynamics. Ecological Monographs, 66: 1-43. Go to original source...
  17. Pukkala T., Lähde E., Laiho O. (2010): Optimizing the structure and management of uneven-sized stands of Finland. Forestry, 83: 129-142. Go to original source...
  18. Schaefer M.B. (1954): Some aspects of the dynamics of populations important to the management of the commercial marine fisheries. Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission Bulletin, 1: 23-56.
  19. Schütz J.P. (2006): Modelling the demographic sustainability of pure beech plenter forests in Eastern Germany. Annals of Forest Science, 63: 93-100. Go to original source...
  20. Tahvonen O., Pukkala T., Laiho O., Lähde E., Niinimäki S. (2010): Optimal management of uneven-aged Norway spruce stands. Forest Ecology and Management, 260: 106-115. Go to original source...
  21. Vanclay J.K. (1994): Modelling Forest Growth and Yield: Applications to Mixed Tropical Forests. Wallingford, CABI: 312.
  22. Verhulst P.F. (1845): Recherches mathématiques sur la loi d'accroissement de la population. Nouveaux Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences et Belles-Lettres de Bruxelles, 18: 1-42. Go to original source...
  23. Vuokila Y. (1965): Functions for variable density yield tables of pine based on temporary sample plots. Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae, 60: 1-86.
  24. Zahedi Amiri G. (1991): Determination of tree species increment in Kheiroudkenar forest. [MSc Thesis.] Karaj, University of Tehran: 120.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.