J. For. Sci., 2012, 58(5):193-202 | DOI: 10.17221/84/2011-JFS

Monitoring of defoliation in forest stands of the Czech Republic and its comparison with results of defoliation monitoring in other European countries

P. Fabiánek, K. Hellebrandová, M. Čapek
Forestry and Game Management Research Institute, Jíloviště-Strnady (Prague), Czech Republic

As a part of International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effect on Forests (ICP Forests), defoliation of forest stands has been assessed in the Czech Republic since 1986. Defoliation is one of the principal parameters reflecting the health of forest stands that is assessed on monitoring plots within this programme. Monitoring plots are distributed evenly according to woodiness of the area in a regular schematic network all over the Czech Republic. Even though there has been a long-term reduction of air pollution in most European countries, forest ecosystems reflect these changes with some delay. In the Czech Republic the trend of total defoliation of coniferous and deciduous forest stands has been increasing very moderately in the last 10 years. This trend appears to be partially analogous with some neighbouring countries. Compared to the whole of Europe the trend of defoliation of broadleaves is very similar, but differences have occurred in conifers in the last 10 years. There are significant differences in defoliation levels among the particular countries; in this comparison the Czech Republic is classified as one of the worst. Differences in these levels are very evident especially among the neighbouring countries. To partly eliminate these differences, regular international calibration courses are organized.

Keywords: International Cooperative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effect on Forests (ICP Forests); defoliation; monitoring; forest stands; forest species; air pollution; international comparison

Published: May 31, 2012  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Fabiánek P, Hellebrandová K, Čapek M. Monitoring of defoliation in forest stands of the Czech Republic and its comparison with results of defoliation monitoring in other European countries. J. For. Sci. 2012;58(5):193-202. doi: 10.17221/84/2011-JFS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. ČHMÚ (2002): Air Pollution in the Czech Republic in 2001. Atmospheric Pollutants Emission in the Czech Republic. Available at http://old.chmi.cz/uoco/isko/groce/gr01e/akap1.html (accessed January 11, 2011).
    2. ČHMÚ (2005): Air Pollution in the Czech Republic in 2004. Atmospheric Pollutants Emission in the Czech Republic. Available at http://old.chmi.cz/uoco/isko/groce/gr04e/akap1.html (accessed January 11, 2011).
    3. ČHMÚ (2008): Air Pollution in the Czech Republic in 2007. Atmospheric Pollutants Emission in the Czech Republic. Available at http://old.chmi.cz/uoco/isko/groce/gr07e/akap1.html (accessed January 11, 2011).
    4. ČHMÚ (2010): Air Pollution in the Czech Republic in 2009. Atmospheric Pollutants Emission in the Czech Republic. Available at http://old.chmi.cz/uoco/isko/groce/gr09e/akap11.html (accessed January 11, 2011).
    5. EC (2003): Regulation (EC) No 2152/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 November 2003 concerning monitoring of forests and environmental interactions in the Community (Forest Focus). Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32003R2152:EN:HTML (accessed January 11, 2011).
    6. EEC (1986): Regulation (EEC) No 3528/86 on the protection of the Community's forests against atmospheric pollution. Available at http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:31986R3528:EN:HTML (accessed January 11, 2011).
    7. Fabiánek P. (ed.) (2005): Forest Condition Monitoring in the Czech Republic, 1984-2003. Prague, Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic, Forestry and Game Manegement Research Institute: 432.
    8. Fischer R., Lorenz M., Granke O., Mues V., Iost S., Van Dobben H., Reinds G.J., De Vries W. (2010): Forest Condition in Europe. Technical Report of ICP Forests. Available at http://www.icp-forests.org/pdf/TR2010.pdf (accessed January 11, 2011).
    9. Lomský B., Materna J., Pfanz H. (eds.) (2002): SO2 - Pollution and Forests Decline in the Ore Mountains. JílovištěStrnady, VÚLHM: 342.
    10. MZE (2010): Zpráva o stavu lesa a lesního hospodářství České republiky v roce 2009. [Report on the State of Forests and Forestry in the Czech Republic in 2009.] Available at http://eagri.cz/public/web/file/60217/Zprava_o_stavu_lesa_09.pdf (accessed January 11, 2011).
    11. UN-ECE (1979): Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution. Available at http://www.unece.org/env/lrtap/full%20text/1979.CLRTAP.e.pdf (accessed January 11, 2011).
    12. UN-ECE (2010): International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests. Manual on Methods and Criteria for Harmonized Sampling, Assessment, Monitoring and Analysis of the Effects of Air Pollution on Forests. Part IV - Visual Assessment of Crown Condition and Damaging Agents. Available at http://www.icp-forests.org/pdf/FINAL_Crown.pdf (accessed January 11, 2011).

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content