J. For. Sci., 2010, 56(11):531-540 | DOI: 10.17221/126/2010-JFS

Horizontal structure of forest stands on permanent research plots in the Krkonoše Mts. and its development

D. Zahradník, S. Vacek, L. Bílek, I. Nosková, Z. Vacek
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

Horizontal structure on 38 permanent research plots is described for juvenile growth and developmental phases (natural seeding, advance growth, plantations) and tree layer of a parent stand. Hopkins-Skellam index, Pielou-Mountford index, Clark-Evans index and Ripley's K-function were computed. The results are presented separately for beech stands, mixed stands, spruce stands, stands in the timberline ecotone and relict pinewood. The numbers and distribution of natural and combined regeneration recruits are mostly sufficient from the aspect of ecological, environmental and production functions of forest. The horizontal structure of juvenile growth and developmental phases of natural and combined regeneration shows mostly clustering; it is random or moderately regular at places with a single dominant proportion of artificial regeneration. In the tree layer the horizontal structure of forest stands is mostly random to moderately regular. In the future silvicultural measures should be aimed to support the structure of homogeneous stands of younger growth phases that have originated on a large scale after the air-pollution disaster.

Keywords: Clark-Evans index; forest stands; Hopkins-Skellam index; horizontal structure; K-function; Krkonoše Mts.; Pielou-Mountford index

Published: November 30, 2010  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Zahradník D, Vacek S, Bílek L, Nosková I, Vacek Z. Horizontal structure of forest stands on permanent research plots in the Krkonoše Mts. and its development. J. For. Sci. 2010;56(11):531-540. doi: 10.17221/126/2010-JFS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. Boncina A. (2000): Comparison of structure and biodiversity in the Rajhenav virgin forest remnant and managed forest in the Dinaric region of Slovenia. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 9: 201-211. Go to original source...
    2. Burschel P., Huss J. (1997): Grundriß des Waldbaus: ein Leitfaden für Studium und Praxis. 2. Aufl. Berlin, Parey Buchverlag: 487.
    3. Clark P.J., Evans F.C. (1954): Distance to nearest neighbour as a measure of spatial relationship in populations. Ecology, 35: 445-453. Go to original source...
    4. Diggle P.J. (1983): Statistical Analysis of Spatial Point Patterns. London, Academic Press: 148.
    5. Emborg J., Christensen M., Heilmann-Clausen J. (2000): The structural dynamics of Suserup Skov, a near-natural temperate deciduous forest in Denmark. Forest Ecology and Management, 126: 173-189. Go to original source...
    6. Hanewinkel M. (2004): Spatial patterns in mixed coniferous even-aged, uneven-aged and conversion stands. European Journal of Forest Research, 123: 139-155. Go to original source...
    7. Hopkins B., Skellam J.G. (1954): A new method for determining the type of distribution of plant individuals. Annals of Botany, 18: 213-227. Go to original source...
    8. Lepš J. (1996): Biostatistics. České Budějovice, Jihočeská univerzita: 166. (in Czech)
    9. Matjka K., Vacek S., Podrázský V. (2010): Development of forest soils in the Krkonoše Mts. in the period 1980-2009. Journal of Forest Science, 56: 485-504. Go to original source...
    10. Mountford M.D. (1961): On E. C. Pielou's index of nonrandomness. Journal of Ecology 49: 271-275. Go to original source...
    11. Pielou E.C. (1959): The use of point-to-plant distances in the study of the pattern of plant populations. Journal of Ecology, 47: 607-613. Go to original source...
    12. Penttinen A., Stoyan D., Henttonen H. (1992): Marked point processes in forest statistics. Forest Science, 38: 806-824. Go to original source...
    13. Ripley B.D. (1981): Spatial statistics. New York, John Wiley & Sons: 252 Go to original source...
    14. Schütz J. P. (2002): Silvicultural tools to develop irregular and diverse forest structures. Forestry, 75: 329-337. Go to original source...
    15. Štefaník I. (2006): Changes in tree species composition, stand structure, qualitative and quantitative production of mixed spruce, fir and beech stand on Stará Píla research plot. Journal of Forest Science, 52: 74-79. Go to original source...
    16. Vacek S. (1982): Ecological aspects of biomass decomposition in autochthonous protection spruce stands. Zprávy lesnického výzkumu, 27: 5-11. (in Czech)
    17. Vacek S., Vacek Z., Schwarz O., Raj A., Nosková I., Balcar Z., Bulušek D., Bartošík Z., Rolínková V., Hirschová E., Zahradník D., Mikeska M., Hynek V., Baláš M., Bílek L.. Malík V., Šolc R., Bednaík J. (2009): Regeneration of Forest Stands on Research Plots in the Krkonoše National Parks. Kostelec nad Černými lesy, Lesnická práce: 288. (in Czech)
    18. Vacek S., Vacek Z., Bílek L., Nosková I., Schwarz O. (2010): Structure and development of forest stands on permanent research plots in the Krkonoše Mts. Journal of Forest Science, 56: 518-530. Go to original source...
    19. Wolf A. (2005): Fifty year record of change in tree spatial patterns within a mixed deciduous forest. Forest Ecology and Management, 215: 212-223. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content