J. For. Sci., 2007, 53(9):400-405 | DOI: 10.17221/2142-JFS

Influence of stand density, thinning and elevated CO2 on stem wood density of spruce

I. Tomášková1, R. Pokorný1, M. V. Marek1,2
1 Laboratory of Plants Ecological Physiology, Institute of Systems Biology and Ecology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic
2 Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

Stem wood density (SWD) of young Norway spruce trees (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) growing at ambient (A variant, 350 µmol(CO2)/mol) and elevated (E variant, A + 350 µmol(CO2)/mol) atmospheric CO2 concentration inside of the glass domes with adjustable windows was estimated after six and eight years of the cultivation. Stand density of two subvariants (s - sparse with ca 5,000 trees/ha and d - dense with ca 10,000 trees/ha) and thinning impact (intensity of 27%) on SWD and its variation along the stem vertical profile were investigated. After six years of CO2 fumigation, stems of sparse subvariant had about 10% lower values of SWD comparing to dense ones, although the difference was not statistically significant. In 2004 (two years after thinning), the SWD values were higher in all subvariants along the whole stem vertical profile. This increase was more obvious in E variant (about 6% in d subvariant and only 3% in s subvariant). The highest increase of SWD values was found in Ed subvariant, particularly in the middle stem part (about 8%, statistically significant increase).

Keywords: elevated CO2; Picea abies; stand density; stem wood density; thinning

Published: September 30, 2007  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Tomášková I, Pokorný R, Marek MV. Influence of stand density, thinning and elevated CO2 on stem wood density of spruce. J. For. Sci. 2007;53(9):400-405. doi: 10.17221/2142-JFS.
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    References

    1. BEISMANN H., SCHWEINGRUBER F., SPECK T., KORNER C., 2002. Mechanical properties of spruce and beech wood grown in elevated CO2. Trees - Structure and Function, 16: 511-518. Go to original source...
    2. CEULEMANS R., JACH M.E. et al., 2002. Elevated atmospheric CO2 alters wood production, wood quality and wood strength of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) after three years of enrichment. Global Change Biology, 8: 153-162. Go to original source...
    3. CONROY J.P., MILHAM P.J., MAZUR M. et al., 1990. Growth, dry-weight portioning and wood properties of Pinus radiata after 2 years of enrichment. Plant, Cell and Environment, 13: 329-337. Go to original source...
    4. DOYLE T.W., 1987. Seedling response to CO2 enrichment under stressed and non-stressed conditions. In: JACOBY G.C., HORNBECK J.W. (eds.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Ecological Aspects of Tree-Ring Analysis. Springfield, National Technical Information Service: 501-510.
    5. FEARNSIDE P.M., 1997. Wood density for estimating forest biomass in Brazilian Amazonia. Forest Ecology and Management, 90: 59-87. Go to original source...
    6. HAKKILA P., 1989. Investigations of the basic density of Finnish pine, spruce and birch wood. Communicationes Instituti Forestalis Fenniae, 75: 60.
    7. HANSMANN C., WIMMER W.G.R., TEICHINGER A., 2002. Permeability of wood - A review. Drevársky výskum, 47: 1-16.
    8. HÄTTENSCHWILER S., SCHWEINGRUBER F.H., KöRNER C., 1996. Tree ring responses to elevated CO2 and increased N deposition in Picea abies. Plant, Cell and Environment, 19: 1369-1378. Go to original source...
    9. KILPELAINEN A., PELTOLA H., RYYPPO A., SAUVALA K., LAITINEN K., KELLOMAKI S., 2003. Wood properties of Scots pines (Pinus sylvestris) grown at elevated temperature and carbon dioxide concentration. Tree Physiology, 23: 889-897. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    10. LINDSTROM H., 1996. Basic density of Norway spruce. Predicted by stem taper, mean growth ring width, and factors related to crown development. Wood Fiber Science, 28: 240-251.
    11. MAKINEN H., SARANPAA P., LINDER S., 2002. Wooddensity variation of Norway spruce in relation to nutrient optimization and fiber dimensions. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32: 185-194. Go to original source...
    12. MURTHY R., DOUGHERTY P.M., 1997. Effect of carbon dioxide fertilization and irrigation on loblolly pine branch morphology. Trees - Structure and Function, 11: 485-493. Go to original source...
    13. OREN R. et al., 2001. Soil fertility limits carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems in a CO2 enriched atmosphere. Nature, 411: 469-472. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    14. PANSHIN A.J., DE ZEEUW C., 1980. Textbook of Wood Technology. 4th ed. New York, Mc-Graw-Hill: 176-177, 207.
    15. POKORNÝ R. et al., 2001. Growth and transpiration of Norway spruce trees under atmosphere with elevated CO2 concentration. Ekológia (Bratislava), 20: 14-28.
    16. RODERICK M.L., 2001. Linking wood density with tree growth and environment: a theoretical analysis based on the motion of water. New Phytology, 149: 473-485. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
    17. SOPUSHYNSKYY I., VINTONIV I., TEISCHINGER A., MICHALAK R., 2005. The influence of site factors on wood density and moisture content of beech in the Ukrainian Carpathians. Wood Research, 50: 43-49.
    18. TELEWSKI F.W., SWANSON R.T., STRAIN B.R., BURNS J.M., 1999. Wood properties and ring width responses to long-term atmospheric CO2 enrichment in field-grown loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.). Plant, Cell and Environment, 22: 213-219. Go to original source...
    19. URBAN O. et al., 2001. Glass domes with adjustable windows: A novel technique for exposing juvenile forest stands to elevated CO2 concentration. Photosynthetica, 39: 395-401. Go to original source...
    20. URBAN O., POKORNÝ R., KALINA J., MAREK M.V., 2003. Control mechanisms of photosynthetic capacity under elevated CO2 concentration: evidence from three experiments with Norway spruce trees. Photosynthetica, 41: 69-75. Go to original source...

    This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.


    Return to the content