J. For. Sci., 2004, 50(9):399-404 | DOI: 10.17221/4636-JFS

The effect of stress factors on birch Betula pendula Roth

D. Kaňová, E. Kula
Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry, Brno, Czech Republic

In a controlled pot trial, plants of birch (Betula pendula Roth) were treated in six variants: acid watering (pH 3), acid watering with spraying, drought, ammonium sulphate fertilisation, ammonium sulphate fertilisation in combination with drought, and control. The response to the treatment with ammonium sulphate in terms of the increment was discordant as it increased the sensitivity of birch to frost. Drought had a negative effect on increments. A combination of ammonium sulphate and drought; drought; ammonium sulphate and sprayed acid watering delayed the shedding of leaves; this was due to a longer vegetation period, significantly higher nitrogen content in these variants, with the exception of drought.

Keywords: Betula pendula; stress; acid rain; sulphur; nitrogen; drought; grow; phenology

Published: September 30, 2004  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Kaňová D, Kula E. The effect of stress factors on birch Betula pendula Roth. J. For. Sci. 2004;50(9):399-404. doi: 10.17221/4636-JFS.
Download citation

References

  1. BEDNÁŘOVÁ E., 2002. Stav asimilačního aparátu u lesních dřevin v Krušných horách. Sb. ref. Výsledky lesnického výzkumu v Krušných horách v roce 2001, Teplice 14. 3. 2002. Jíloviště-Strnady, VÚLHM: 77-81.
  2. CAPON S.J.M., ASHENDEN T.W., LEE J.A., 2000. The effect of exposure to NO2 and SO2 on frost hardiness in Calluna vulgaris. Envir. Exp. Bot., 43: 111-119. Go to original source...
  3. FADRHONSOVÁ V., ŠRÁMEK V., KROUPOVÁ M., 2000. Vývoj depozic v oblasti Krušných hor. Sb. ref. Výsledky lesnického výzkumu v Krušných horách v roce 2001, Teplice 14. 3. 2002. Jíloviště-Strnady, VÚLHM: 49-54.
  4. HADAŠ P., 2002. Celková potenciální depozice síry, dusíku a vodíkových iontů na území PLO Krušné hory v roce 1999. Sb. ref. Výsledky lesnického výzkumu v Krušných horách v roce 2001, Teplice 14. 3. 2002. Jíloviště-Strnady, VÚLHM: 55-66.
  5. HEINZE M., FIEDLER H.J., 1981. Versuche zur Begrünung von Kalirückstandshalden. 1. Mitteilung: Gefässversuche mit Bäumen und Sträuchern bei unterschiedlichem Wasser- und Nährstoffangebot. In: MELILLO J.M., STEUDLER P., 2000. Long term nitrogen addition and nitrogen saturation in two temperate forests. Ecosystems, 3: 238-253. Go to original source...
  6. INGESTAD T., 1977. Nitrogen and plant grow; maximum efficiency of nitrogen fertilizers. In: PERALA D.A., ALM A.A., 1990. Reproductive ecology of birch: A Review. For. Ecol. Mgmt, 32: 1-38. Go to original source...
  7. KEANE K.D., MANNING W.J., 1988. Effect of ozone and simulated acid rain on birch seedling growth and formation of ectomycorrhizae. Envir. Pollut., 52: 55-65. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  8. KITAO M., LEI T.T., NAKAMURA T., KOIKE T., 2001. Manganese toxicity as indcated by visible foliar symptoms of Japanese white birch (Betula platyphylla var. japonica). Envir. Pollut., 111: 89-94. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  9. KULHAVÝ J., FORMÁNEK P., 2002. Dusík v lesních ekosystémech Krušných hor. Sb. ref. Výsledky lesnického výzkumu v Krušných horách v roce 2001, Teplice 14. 3. 2002. Jíloviště-Strnady, VÚLHM: 37-46. Go to original source...
  10. LIU G. E., CÔTÉ B., 1993. Neutralization and buffering capacity of leaves of sugar maple, largetooth aspen, paper birch and balsam fir. Tree Physiol., 12: 15-21. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  11. MAGILL A.H., ABER J.D., BERNTSON G.M., McDOWELL W.H., NADELHOFFER K.J., MELILLO J.M., STEUDLER P., 2000. Long term nitrogen addition and nitrogen saturation in two temperate forests. Ecosystems, 3: 238-253. Go to original source...
  12. MARSCHNER H., 1995. Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. London, Academic Press: 889.
  13. PROCHÁZKA S. et al., 1998. Fyziologie rostlin. Praha, Academia: 484.
  14. RAYNAL D.J., ROMAN J.R., EICHENLAUB W.M., 1982. Response of tree seedlings to acid precipitation - II. effect of simulated acidified canopy throughfall on sugar maple seedling growth. Envir. Exper. Bot., 22: 385-392. Go to original source...
  15. VIKTOROV D.P., BYSTRJANCEV N.I., 1960. Increasing of drought resistance of birch and elm seedlings with P fertilizers. In: MELILLO J.M., STEUDLER P., 2000. Long term nitrogen addition and nitrogen saturation in two temperate forests. Ecosystems, 3: 238-253. Go to original source...
  16. WRIGHT E.A., 1987. Effect of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, singly and in mixture, on the macroscopic growth of three birch clones. Envir. Pollut., 46: 209-221. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  17. ZHU X.B., COX R.M., MENG F.-R., ARP P.A., 2001. Responses of xylem cavitation, freezing injury and shoot dieback to simulated winter thaw in yellow birch seedlings growing in different nursery culture regimes. For. Ecol. Mgmt, 145: 243-253. Go to original source...

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY NC 4.0), which permits non-comercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.